A:Answer First, I would say be 100% sure your headset is COMPLETELY plugged in all the way. The mic portion is at the very end of the plug (as it goes in) and may not be making good contact.
According to this thread I found on Reddit, quite a few people are using Android-compatible inline mic earbuds on their Xbox One just fine.
Since I use these earbuds with my Samsung Note 9, I'm assuming they're Android-compatible. :)
https://www.reddit.com/r/xboxone/comments/6q5y2q/do_any_earbuds_with_an_inline_mic_work_with_xbox/
HOWEVER... I also found this article that explained some differences between inline mic earbuds (in particular Apple)... now I know that the issue described in the article is a little different than yours, but maybe it will point in the right direction.
https://www.polygon.com/2016/2/28/11129974/xbox-one-controller-apple-earpod-earbud-headphones-buzzing-noise-fix